Crossover definition2/16/2024 ![]() Who 1 said he 1 was hungry? – Crossover absent, intentional coreferential reading available b. The gaps in the b-sentences mark the canonical position of the wh-expression (before movement):Ī. The subscripts mark coindexation (≈coreference) they indicate that the words bearing the subscripts are supposed to refer to the same one person. The a-sentences are questions in which crossover has not occurred and are given here for the sake of comparison, and the b-sentences illustrate crossover - the intentional coreferential reading is unavailable per the leftward movement of the wh-expression. The following sentences illustrate crossover phenomena related to wh-movement. ![]() The phenomenon occurs in English and related languages, and it may be present in all natural languages that allow fronting. Crossover effects are divided into strong crossover ( SCO) and weak crossover ( WCO). wh-movement, topicalization), whereby it appears as though the fronted constituent crosses over the expression (usually a pronoun) with which it is coindexed on its way to the front of the clause. ?Who 1 do his 1 friends admire _ 1? The term itself refers to the traditional transformational analysis of sentences containing leftward movement (e.g. Coreference (or coindexation) that is normal and natural when a pronoun follows its antecedent becomes impossible, or at best just marginally possible, when "crossover" is deemed to have occurred, e.g. In linguistics, crossover effects are restrictions on possible binding or coreference that hold between certain phrases and pronouns.
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